论证: to prove a point, to expound on, to demonstrate or prove (through argument), proof...
懒: lazy; indolent; slothful...
指点: to point out, to indicate, to give directions, to show how (to do sth), to censure, to pick at...
祖父: father's father, paternal grandfather...
橡皮: rubber, an eraser...
支流: tributary (river)...
一头: one head, a head full of sth, one end (of a stick), one side, headlong, directly, rapidly, simultaneously...
成人: adult...
严密: strict, tight (organization, surveillance etc)...
惊天动地: world-shaking (idiom)...